\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles, quotes}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5, >=latex]
    % Axes
    \draw[thick, ->] (-1, 0) -- (4, 0) node[right] {$x$};
    \draw[thick, ->] (0, -1) -- (0, 4) node[above] {$y$};

    % Origin
    \node at (-0.2, -0.2) {O};

    % Points
    \coordinate (A) at (3, 2);
    \coordinate (A') at (1.5, 3.5);
    \coordinate (x') at (1.5, 0);
    \coordinate (x) at (3, 0);
    \coordinate (y') at (0, 2);
    \coordinate (O) at (0, 0);

    % Dashed lines
    \draw[dashed, red] (A) -- (3, 0) node[below] {$x$};
    \draw[dashed, red] (A) -- (0, 2) node[left] {$y$};
    \draw[dashed, red] (A) -- (O);
    \draw[dashed, orange] (A') -- (1.5, 0) node[below] {$x'$};
    \draw[dashed, orange] (A') -- (0, 3.5) node[left] {$y'$};
    \draw[dashed, orange] (A') -- (O);

    % Points
    \filldraw[red] (A) circle (1pt) node[above right] {A};
    \filldraw[orange] (A') circle (1pt) node[above right] {A'};

    % Angles
    \pic[draw, blue, ->, "$\theta$", angle eccentricity=1.5] {angle=A--O--A'};
   \pic[draw, green!50!black, ->, "$\varphi$", angle eccentricity=1.5,angle radius=1cm] {angle=x--O--A};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}
